Tony’s law
Tony Hudgell was left severely disabled after he was abused by his birth parents who were sentenced to ten years’ imprisonment. His adoptive parents, Paula and Mark Hudgell, campaigned for longer sentences for these crimes and “Tony’s law” is now to be introduced.
The current law
Under the current law, the maximum sentence for anyone causing or allowing the death of a child or vulnerable adult in their care faces a maximum of 14 years’ imprisonment.
The maximum sentence for causing or allowing serious physical harm to a child, and cruelty to a person under 16, is ten years.
The proposed changes
The proposal is to increase the applicable maximum sentences. The maximum sentence would be life imprisonment for the more serious offence of causing death; the maximum would increase from ten to 14 years for the less serious offence.
How will this be done?
The amendments to deliver “Tony’s law” will be tabled to the Police, Crime, Sentencing and Courts Bill.
Harper’s law
The government also said recently that the mandatory life sentence would be extended to anyone who kills an emergency worker whilst committing a crime. This amendment, known as “Harper’s law”, follows the case where PC Harper died when he responded to a report of a burglary. He was dragged behind a car when he ran after it in an attempt to stop offenders from taking a quad bike. He was caught in a strap used to tow the bike and was dragged down the road; he died at the scene.
Three offenders were convicted of manslaughter, having denied murder. One offender received an extended sentence of 19 years, comprising 16 years imprisonment and an extended licence of 3 years; the other two were sentenced to 13 years imprisonment.
A life sentence does not automatically follow a conviction for manslaughter as it does with murder, although it is an option. A whole life order is the starting point for the murder of a police officer or prison officer acting in the course of their duties.
This change in the law will mean that a life sentence automatically follows in cases where an emergency worker is killed where an offence was being committed. The government went on to say that it will not matter if the emergency worker is not aware an offence had taken place, nor be responding directly to it. The change will cover those emergency workers who were acting in the exercise of their functions and will include police officers, National Crime Agency officers, prison officers, firefighters, paramedics and custody officers.
A judge will not have to impose a life sentence if there are exceptional circumstances related to the offender or offence that would make it unjust to impose the life sentence. This is not an available option in the case of murder.
New law?
Tony’s law and Harper’s law are not actually new laws. Rather, they are an increase in the maximum sentences and do not create new offences. The amendments are being added to a bill already at an advanced stage of the process, thus reducing the amount of time for any scrutiny.
What affect will this have?
An interesting point, in the Harper case, was that the court was asked to re-assess the sentences imposed on the three offenders as the attorney general argued they were unduly lenient. The Court of Appeal did not agree with the attorney general and said, “the issues must be resolved in accordance with the law”. The defendants were convicted of manslaughter as the jury could not be sure that the driver knew he was dragging the officer behind the car. The essential issue for the Court of Appeal was whether the judge passed a sentence that was outside the range properly open to him in the circumstances and found that he did not. The Court of Appeal specifically rejected the argument that the risk posed by the driver could only be met by a life sentence.
How can we help?
We ensure we keep up to date with any changes in legislation and case law so that we are always best placed to advise you properly. If you would like to discuss any aspect of your case, please contact our team of criminal defence experts on 0207 8373456
[Image credit: “Child” by Enid Yu is licensed under CC BY 2.0 ]